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Mold Illness: What It Is, 5 Common Misconceptions, and Prevention

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Reviewed by Sunjya Schweig, MD

Mold illness

Awareness of toxic mold’s effect on human health has increased dramatically over the past few years. But mold is only one of the many biotoxins found in water-damaged buildings, and the illness caused by exposure to these toxins is much more complex than most clinicians and patients assume.

Over the last several years, I’ve written extensively about the importance of nutrition, physical activity, stress management, sleep, social connection, pleasure, and spending time outdoors. There’s no doubt that these factors are vital for all of us.

But it’s also true that other factors are just as important to our health, yet far less often considered. One of these is toxic burden.

Toxic burden is determined by two factors: the levels of toxic chemicals and microorganisms that we’re exposed to, and the function of our innate detoxification system. If our exposure to toxins is high and our detoxification system is compromised—due to genetic predisposition, environmental factors, or both—then our toxic burden will be high.

The toxins that adversely affect our health include chemicals (e.g., bisphenol A, or BPA, phthalates, and pesticides), heavy metals (e.g., mercury, arsenic, lead, and cadmium), and biotoxins (toxins produced by living organisms like mold, bacteria, dinoflagellates, and blue-green algae).

Toxic mold illness has received a lot of attention recently, including a documentary created by Dave Asprey of Bulletproof.

While this is surely a positive development, there are a number of misconceptions and misunderstandings about mold illness that I’d like to address in this article. So let’s get to it!

Is the air quality in your home or workplace making you sick? If harmful biotoxins are present, it could be. Find out more about mold illness and learn how to prevent exposure. #environmentaltoxins #toxins #mold

What Is Mold Illness?

First, I’d like to explain more about what this condition is. What we often refer to as “mold illness” or “mold toxicity” is actually a comprehensive and multifaceted syndrome known as chronic inflammatory response syndrome, or CIRS.

CIRS was originally defined by Dr. Ritchie Shoemaker, a former family physician in Maryland. (Dr. Shoemaker is now retired, but he is still actively involved in raising awareness and advancing the understanding of CIRS.)

In the late 1990s, Dr. Shoemaker discovered a connection between a mysterious illness that some of his patients were experiencing and a toxin produced by a fish-killing dinoflagellate called Pfiesteria. Since then, Dr. Shoemaker has linked a similar kind of illness to toxins from a wide variety of microorganisms and chemicals.

Mold in the Human Body

Nearly everyone becomes ill when exposed to sufficient levels of biotoxins, but most people recover once they are removed from exposure. Their detoxification system is able to recognize the biotoxins in their bodies as toxins and eliminate them via the normal mechanisms.

However, a minority of people have human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes that prevent their bodies from being able to recognize and thus eliminate biotoxins. The biotoxins remain in the body and trigger a chronic, systemic inflammatory response. These are the people who are at a higher risk of developing CIRS.

Symptoms of Mold Illness

Patients with CIRS present with a wide range of symptoms, including:

  • Fatigue and weakness
  • Post-exertional malaise
  • Memory problems, difficulties with concentration, and problems with executive function
  • Disorientation and confusion
  • Headaches
  • Vertigo and lightheadedness
  • Muscle aches, cramping, and joint pains without inflammatory arthritis
  • Hypersensitivity to bright light, blurred vision, burning or red eyes, and tearing
  • Cough, asthma-like illness, shortness of breath, and chronic sinus congestion
  • Air hunger or unusual shortness of breath at rest
  • Chronic abdominal problems including nausea, cramping, and secretory diarrhea
  • A propensity to experience static shocks

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How Do Doctors Test for Mold Exposure?

If you suspect that your surrounding environment has mold present, tests like the Environmental Relative Moldiness Index (ERMI) can confirm it. An experienced mold inspector can perform this test (and ensure it’s done correctly).

Diagnosing CIRS can be difficult (especially given the fact that many physicians aren’t aware of the condition or actively looking for it in their patients, but I’ll discuss that further below). Dr. Keith Berndtson, a physician in Park Ridge, Illinois, has written a thorough summary of CIRS that I highly recommend reading. In it, he highlights the following criteria that a patient must meet to be diagnosed with CIRS:

  1. History, signs, and symptoms consistent with biotoxin exposure. In cases of mold toxicity, history should include exposure to toxin-producing molds as documented by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)-approved ERMI test. In other cases (microcystin, ciguatera, etc.), history should include likely exposure or laboratory evidence of exposure.
  2. A genetic predisposition to biotoxin-related illness based on identification of an HLA-susceptible haplotype.
  3. Abnormalities documented by visual contrast sensitivity (VCS) testing. VCS testing measures your ability to see details at low contrast levels. Dr. Shoemaker and Dr. Kenneth Hudnell—a principal investigator for the U.S. EPA’s National Health and Environmental Effects Research Lab and an expert on how neurotoxins affect the physiology of vision—discovered that the biotoxins affect the optic nerve and decrease the ability to detect visual contrast.
  4. Biomarkers consistent with the neuroimmune, vascular, and endocrine abnormalities that characterize CIRS. If you have a history consistent with biotoxin exposure, a susceptible genotype, and an abnormal VCS test, you are very likely to show the laboratory abnormalities seen in CIRS. Major and minor criteria are a work in progress.

Now, let’s break down five common misconceptions about mold illness. 

#1: Mold Illness Is Not Just Caused by Mold

Yes, I know this doesn’t make sense. Of course mold illness is caused by mold. That’s why it’s called mold illness! However, the biotoxins that can lead to this condition aren’t limited to those produced by mold. They can also include: (1)

  • Fungi
  • Actinomycetes (gram-positive bacteria from the order Actinomycetales)
  • Mycobacteria
  • Mold
  • Mold spores
  • Endotoxins (aka lipopolysaccharides, or LPS; cell wall components of gram-negative bacteria)
  • Inflammagens (irritants that cause inflammation and edema)
  • Beta-glucans (a diverse group of polysaccharides)
  • Hemolysins (exotoxins produced by bacteria capable of destroying cells)
  • Microbial volatile organic compounds (mVOCs; organic compounds released by microorganisms when there is adequate food supply for such “secondary metabolite production”)

In addition, certain bacteria (possibly including Borrelia, Babesia, and other organisms transmitted by tick bites) can also secrete biotoxin-like compounds that can have adverse health effects.

For those who are susceptible, CIRS could develop from exposure to any one of these biotoxins.

#2: CIRS Is Much More Common Than You Might Think

According to Dr. Shoemaker’s research, roughly 25 percent of the population is genetically prone to develop CIRS if two conditions are met: (2)

  1. Sufficient exposure to biotoxins
  2. A “priming” inflammatory event (something that triggers and activates the immune system, such as a serious upper respiratory tract infection or a tick-borne illness like Lyme disease)

Dr. Shoemaker also estimates that 2 percent of the population has genes that render them highly susceptible to developing a multisystem, multisymptom illness after prolonged or repeated exposure to biotoxins. (Side note: unfortunately, I am part of that 2 percent, which could explain a lot about my past history with chronic illness!)

This suggests that roughly one in four people have the potential of developing CIRS when exposed to biotoxins. But how common is exposure to biotoxins?

Unfortunately, the answer is: extremely common.

According to a report entitled Implementing Health-Protective Features and Practices in Buildings issued by the Federal Facilities Council, 43 percent of buildings they examined had current water damage and 85 percent had past water damage. When water damage occurs, mold can grow in as little as 24 to 48 hours.

As alarming as these numbers are, they don’t tell the whole story. Although water damage is probably the biggest concern, mold and other biotoxins can also develop in buildings that are not water-damaged but have indoor humidity levels above 50 to 60 percent. In fact, many experts recommend maintaining indoor humidity levels between 30 and 50 percent for preventing the growth of mold and other biotoxins.

#3: CIRS Is Frequently Missed or Misdiagnosed

As I mentioned in misconception #2, up to 25 percent of the population is susceptible to CIRS, and perhaps a majority of buildings are either water-damaged or have conditions that make mold growth possible. Combine these factors with the increase in inflammatory diseases (which can serve as priming events) that has occurred over the past few decades and you have an environment that is ripe for CIRS.

Unfortunately, the vast majority of patients with this condition have not been properly diagnosed or treated because conventional doctors—and even many Functional and integrative medicine specialists—simply aren’t looking for it. The fact that patients with CIRS also typically meet the criteria for other syndromes and diseases like fibromyalgia, myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome, post-treatment Lyme syndrome, and multiple sclerosis compounds the problem. The symptoms of CIRS are “non-specific,” which means that they don’t conclusively identify CIRS (or any other disease) by their mere presence.

Testing for CIRS

The VCS test is best performed in the office of a CIRS-aware clinician. However, there are two online versions that can be used as a starting place.

The first VCS test is available on Dr. Shoemaker’s website, Surviving Mold, at a cost of $15. This is a Functional Visual Acuity Test (FACT) that uses a scoring algorithm developed by Drs. Shoemaker and Hudnell to determine the likelihood that a patient is being adversely affected by biotoxin exposure.

The second VCS test is available at VCSTest.com. The raw (unconverted) scores and the contrast sensitivity curve are provided for free, and a $10 donation is requested (but not required) for the upgraded results with detailed analysis and interpretation and a PDF that can be downloaded and shared. VCSTest.com now offers what they call an Online Contrast Sensitivity Test (OCST), which addresses one of the primary shortcomings of online VCS testing: the variability in how different computer monitors and displays handle visual contrast. The OCST features full display calibration, which adapts the test images to each user by taking into account both their display size and individual display characteristics/properties, like their video card, video drivers, operating system, and display settings, including contrast, brightness, gamma, etc. As far as I know, this is the only FACT-based online VCS test that controls for display calibration.

In practice, I think both of these tests can be used successfully as screening tools, but the OCST offered by VCSTest.com has the advantage of full display calibration, which allows for accurate results across any device (helpful in retesting and tracking progress if the patient is retaking the test on an iPad, for example, if the original test was done on a laptop computer).

The VCS test is so accurate that, if it is positive, there is a 92 percent chance that the patient has CIRS. That said, it’s important to note that a positive VCS test cannot be used to rule CIRS in or out on its own, and I have had patients who passed the VCS test who went on to be positive for CIRS, and vice versa.

A list of the biomarkers that constitute a CIRS diagnosis can be found on Dr. Shoemaker’s website. However, if you fail the VCS test, and/or suspect you may have CIRS, I strongly recommend finding a CIRS-aware clinician in your area. You can start with the list of clinicians that have been certified by Dr. Shoemaker on his website. There are other clinicians who are familiar with CIRS and are actively diagnosing and treating patients for it, but are not yet certified.

Diagnosing and treating CIRS is not a “DIY proposition,” as it involves a lot of nuance and complexity that isn’t always apparent to clinicians and patients who are new to the condition. For example, Complement C4a has to be sent out on dry ice to a specialized lab called National Jewish Health Advanced Diagnostic Laboratories in order to get an accurate result. I can’t tell you how many times patients have come to me with a C4a result run through LabCorp or another lab. It’s painful to have to tell them that we need to run these (sometimes expensive) labs again because they weren’t done properly in the first place.

For much more on CIRS diagnosis and pathology, check out my interview of Dr. Shoemaker on my podcast, Revolution Health Radio.

#4: Removal from Exposure Is the First Step in Successful Treatment …

Dr. Shoemaker has developed a multistep protocol for treating CIRS (it ranges from 11 to 14 steps, depending on how you count or combine the steps).

The first step in the protocol is removing the patient from exposure to biotoxins. This involves testing all environments (home, workplace, and recreational) that the patient spends significant amounts of time in throughout the course of their daily life. If mold or other biotoxins are identified, those environments must be successfully remediated (followed by taking adequate measures to prevent recurrence), or the patient must relocate to another home or workplace.

As both a clinician and someone dealing with CIRS myself, I have found step one to be by far the most difficult step in the protocol. Here’s why.

Many mold inspectors do not use comprehensive, accurate testing methods. If you call a local mold inspector and ask them to come assess your property, chances are they will do a visual inspection and take some air samples. Both of these methods can yield useful information, but on their own, they are not enough.

Air sampling does not allow identification of particular species of Penicillium, Aspergillus, Wallemia, etc., which is important because different species have different health effects. In addition, air sampling devices collect only a small sample of air from directly around the device. This matters because mold spores have different molecular weights, and some do not remain airborne for long.

A better method of initially screening a building for mold is the ERMI test. The ERMI test uses mold-specific quantitative polymerase chain reaction (MSQPCR) technology to identify mold in dust that has settled in buildings.

The ERMI test was developed by the EPA as a means of determining the relative “moldiness” of a home compared to a group of reference homes that do not have mold. Thirty-six species were divided into 26 species/clusters of molds associated with water-damaged buildings (Group 1) and 10 common species not associated with water-damaged buildings (Group 2). The mold index is the sum of the logs of Group 1 minus the sum of the logs of Group 2 in a building. The ERMI has been validated in several peer-reviewed studies. (3, 4, 5, 6)

Dr. Shoemaker further refined the relevance of ERMI testing to patients with CIRS by creating the HERTSMI-2 scoring system. This is a weighted score that takes the relative levels and danger of particular mold species into account.

The advantage of the ERMI is that it can identify the exact species of various molds present, and it will identify spores that are not airborne. However, it is crucial to understand that not all labs that perform the ERMI test use the correct methodology.

In order to ensure reliable and accurate results, labs that perform ERMI testing must follow the EPA patent and laboratory procedures exactly. Otherwise, whatever results the test returns will not be validated.

The lab that I recommend for ERMI testing is Mycometrics. It follows the procedures established in the EPA patent by the letter, and it has excellent quality-control procedures in place.

It’s worth noting that no single test—including ERMI—is reliable as a means of assessing whether biotoxins are present in a building. There is no substitute for an experienced mold inspector who uses evidence-based methodology. (I just wish they were easier to find!)

#5: … But Removal from Exposure Isn’t Enough for Most Patients with CIRS

While removal from exposure is an important first step, as I mentioned above, there are at least 10 other steps in the protocol.

People with CIRS have genetic mutations that make them unable to remove the biotoxins that have accumulated in their bodies. This means that getting away from the biotoxins may stop them from building up further, but it will not remove them.

Removal of biotoxins in patients with CIRS usually begins with binders like cholestyramine or colesevelam (brand name: Welchol). Other steps include eradicating biofilm-forming staph colonizations that tend to develop in the nasal passages of patients with CIRS and correcting high/low metallopeptidase 9, antidiuretic hormone/osmolality, C4a, transforming growth factor beta 1, vascular endothelial growth factor, and vasoactive intestinal peptide.

In an ideal world, we’d have CIRS-aware physicians in every city and town who could help patients with this recovery process. Unfortunately, that is not the case. There are currently only a few Dr. Shoemaker-certified practitioners, and perhaps several others who are not certified but are actively treating CIRS.

Working with a Functional Medicine-based care team can also help when you’re dealing with such a complex condition. The California Center for Functional Medicine is a private clinic that offers a virtual, membership-based functional health transformation program that provides you with the tools, team, and support you need to heal from chronic illnesses like CIRS. Find out more about our program.
Mold illness
Cleaning mold off of surfaces where it appears can help prevent mold illness. iStock/yavdat

How to Prevent Exposure to Toxic Mold

Here are steps that you can take to minimize biotoxins in your home and improve indoor air quality: (7)

  • Fix plumbing leaks and other water problems as soon as possible. Dry all items completely.
  • Scrub mold off hard surfaces with detergent and water, and dry completely.
  • Discard absorbent or porous materials, such as ceiling tiles and carpet, if they become moldy. Don’t paint or caulk moldy surfaces.
  • Clean and repair roof gutters regularly.
  • Keep air conditioning drip pans clean and the drain lines unobstructed and flowing properly.
  • Make sure the ground slopes away from the building foundation so that water does not enter or collect around the foundation.
  • Keep indoor humidity between 30 and 50 percent. Relative humidity can be measured with a moisture or humidity meter, a small, inexpensive ($10 to $50) instrument available at many hardware stores. Venting bathrooms, dryers, and other moisture-generating sources to the outside; using air conditioners and dehumidifiers; increasing ventilation; and using exhaust fans when cooking, dishwashing, and cleaning can all help to reduce indoor humidity.
  • Do not install carpeting in areas where perpetual moisture problems may develop (i.e., in a bathroom).

Another helpful intervention is to use air filters and purifiers/sanitizers. Here’s what I use and recommend to my patients:

  1. A high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter that is capable of removing ultrafine particles (less than 0.1 microns) like mold, dust, pet dander, VOCs, and even viruses from the air. These ultrafine particles represent 90 percent of all airborne pollution that you breathe.
  2. An air sanitizer that eliminates allergens, odors, mold, and germs.

The number and range of devices on the market in both of these categories is mind-boggling, and I’ve spent countless hours figuring out the best options for our home. My research is ongoing, but currently, this is what we are using.

IQAir HealthPro Plus

IQAir makes HEPA filters that employ a four-stage filtration process (which includes activated carbon) to filter particles all the way down to 0.003 microns—the smallest particles that exist—with a guaranteed efficacy of more than 99.5 percent. We have one of these in the main living area of our home and one in the basement. Important note: Amazon.com is not an authorized reseller of IQAir, so if you purchase a device from there, the warranty won’t be valid. I recommend purchasing it directly from IQAir or from one of their authorized resellers.

Blueair Sense Filters

Blueair filters use “HEPASilent Technology,” which combines electrostatic and mechanical filtration to capture 99.97 percent of airborne particles down to 0.1 microns in size. We use these in the bedrooms and my home office because they are smaller, quieter, and more energy efficient than the IQAir HealthPro Plus units.

Air Oasis Air Sanitizers

Air Oasis (AO) air sanitizers work differently than HEPA filters. They use a technology developed by NASA called advanced hydration photocatalytic oxidation (AHPCO) to destroy mold, bacteria, and other microorganisms with ultraviolet light and a catalyst. We have a few of the Air Angel units in smaller rooms, as well as an AO3000 in the main living area. Important note: I currently recommend running the AO units only when you are not in the rooms, and turning them off when you enter. This is due to the small amounts of ozone that they release. Though these levels are well below the recommended limit according to AO’s website, I prefer to be cautious. I also recommend using a HEPA/charcoal filter along with the AO devices, rather than using them on their own.

Molekule Air Purifier

Molekule Air purifiers use photoelectrochemical oxidation (PECO) to break down pollutants at the molecular level. PECO works by using free radicals to destroy mold, bacteria, allergens, VOCs, and viruses—without releasing an ozone byproduct. These products are able to reduce concentrations of mold by up to 99.9991 percent. (8)

These devices are not cheap, but given what I’ve come to understand about the importance of indoor air quality to health, and given that my wife, my daughter, and I are all genetically susceptible to CIRS, I think they’re worth the expense. As an added benefit, the air in your home will smell like it does outside! It’s an incredible difference.

I hope this article has helped explain a frequently misunderstood illness. Please share this with those you think may be interested so we can help to spread awareness of this debilitating yet under-recognized condition.

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229 Comments

Join the conversation

  1. Thank you Chris for all your great articles! I just have one question: Under bioxin’s found in water damaged buildings you mentioned Beta-glucan. My understanding of beta glucan is found in mushrooms which works as a immune modulator and is suppose to be good for our health. Does this mean anyone suffering from toxic mold issues should not consume mushrooms and/or mushroom supplements?

    • I am wondering the same thing about beta-glucans. I thought they were good for the immune system.

  2. Cheers,
    Thank you for everything you write, it is helpful and encouraging. I would like to know your opinion on the mold who grows in certain grains such as corn as source of infection.
    Many thanks!

  3. What are the SNPs in the genotype for mold susceptibility, or the gs# of the genotype? I have my 23andMe data, and hopefully they’re provided in the raw data.

  4. Important update: Amazon.com is not an authorized reseller of IQAir, so if you purchase from there the warranty won’t be valid. I talked with someone at IQAir who said they are constantly battling to get the IQAir removed from Amazon, but it’s a difficult challenge. I updated the link in the article to go directly to IQAir’s list of authorized internet resellers.

  5. I dealt with an awful black mold experience in an old apartment. I had no clue what was making me so sick for so long. Doctors kept implying nothing was wrong with me. I even had a pulmonologist tell me what I really need was a psychiatrist.

    While moving greatly improved my symptoms, I still have residual illness many years later. I am going to look into CIRS more. This article is really interesting. Thanks

    Here is my mold story: http://glutenfreefun.blogspot.com/2011/06/mold-interrupted-my-celiac-diagnosis.html

  6. I find this article disturbing in that Chris, you always promote alternative medicine and to avoid prescription drugs.

    http://chriskresser.com/the-fatal-flaw-of-prescription-drugs/

    However, in this article you put a doctor “Ritchie Shoemaker” up on a pedestal as if he is the god of mold and the cure. Doesn’t Ritchie Shoemaker use prescription drugs to try and treat CIRS? (if so…why are you promoting him on your website when clearly you are against prescription drugs?)

    *Food for thought for anyone reading this.

    • That article points out the problem with relying exclusively on prescription drugs for treatment, as the conventional medical system tends to do. I am not against all prescription drugs, and I have written about the benefits of rifaximin (for SIBO), low-dose naltrexone (for autoimmune disease), thyroid hormone replacement, and many others.

      If you had read more than one or two articles on my blog before making a blanket accusation, you’d know that.

      • I think everyone else understand and appreciates what you are doing here Chris. Some people just vent on others just because we have no choice but to listen.

      • you tell ’em Chris! I love that you’re balanced and neutral in your views of treatment, and always very intelligent

  7. I lived in a house where the mold grew on the walls in the cracks for 4 years. I had tubs with 2 liters of water removed from my bedroom every 2 weeks.
    I have moved out last year November, lost 12 kilos in weight, now weigh 38 kilos in total, auto-immune disease, stomach ulcers, pneumonia, vomiting, gastro, painful intestines, weakness and tired all the time, severe restless legs, severe headaches, sinus, confusion, cramps in whole body, from face, spasms to spasms in fingers, hands, feet, toes etc. Joint pain. Many more symptoms. Doctors keep looking to find what is wrong,, loosing more by the week, getting weaker by the week, and no-one has any answers,

    • you need to eat Doug Kaufmann’s Phase One Diet if you have a mold disease or fungus disease. Also, you need to alternate between ginger and Turmeric every other day for a month, then off a month, then on a month until the inflammation is gone. Don’t touch carbs or sugar if you have a fungal disease including mold. You have to kill the internal parasites for 70 ~ days then kill the fungus with antifungal herbs and eat greens uncooked, if you eat cooked foods, be sure to take enough digestive enzymes. Be sure you’re filled with fiber and probiotics, there’s none like Dr. Ohira’s probiotics, I’ve spoken to them… you can contact them and find the difference, it’s real. – didn’t send an email

  8. Been waiting a long time for this article. Thank you! The surviving mold site is rich with information but not entirely clear. Very eager to read future articles here that delve deeper into the subject. Particularly how to interpret neuroquant results and hopefully some healthier natural alternatives to CSM, Welchol, and BEG spray (Mupirocin).

    I really appreciate the section on air quality because true avoidance seems nearly impossible. That said, I’m a little concerned about the Advanced Hydrated Photocatalytic Oxidation Cell technology for sanitizing the air.

    From the Air Oasis website:

    Unlike an air purifier which circulates a portion of a room’s indoor air and pushes it through a filter, Air Oasis’s Surface and Air Sanitizers produce safe catalytic molecules that are blown throughout the room to sanitize both the air and surfaces 24/7/365.

    If indiscriminate sanitizing molecules are blown airborne they are likely to be inhaled. Intuitively, that seems unwise. Hopefully Chris can do regular flora testing and report back if his families skin, nasal, and bowel flora deteriorates with constant use of these machines.

    Does anyone out there know how to interpret the neuroquant brain volume report? Trying to normalize my results to compare them to the controls / subjects in Shoemakers paper is not entirely clear. Thanks.

    • I do have some questions about the AO devices and have been in contact with Dr. Ghosh, the scientific advisor for the company, to attempt to answer them.

      At the moment, I am recommending that patients only have the AO devices on at night or when they are not in the room, and turn them off when they’re in the room. Also, I recommend using a carbon-based filter in the same room that the AO devices are in.

      • Hi Chirs, Thanks for this great article. I’m wondering if you’ve heard back from Dr. Ghosh about your questions regarding AO? I want to buy one, but I work from home and have 2 cats here as well. It would be hard to run it while not in the room since we have an open studio, and if we run it only when we’re out the cats would still be exposed. Dr. Shoemaker highly recommend I get one, but I’m still a bit concerned about the cats based on your comments about only running them while you’re not in the room. Do you run the AO around your pets (if you have pets?) Thanks!

    • I also had the Neuroquant MRI done with a positive result of “mold”. I’m wondering how is this meaurable?

    • Salus, talk to the CIRS docs on the front lines. The Shoemaker protocol is still the gold standard. I am all for natural treatments and tried them for 4 years. NOTHING pulls mold out of your body except resin. Cholestyramine. The docs that do this every day are getting people well if you follow the protocol carefully. Call these doctors. They are all keeping statistics on success. And the Hi Tech Air technology is better than Air Oasis. I wish Chris new about it. It produces safe hydroxyl radicals that penetrate surfaces. Zero ozone is made by the Hi Tech machines. I have 3 and I love them. They enabled me to start treatment, where before I could not tolerate treatment. I had to take naps every day for 10 years until I used the Hi Tech Air – stable OH molecule machines. My energy is so much better now. This is the foundation for my treatment. A safe environment. I also did not have to throw out all my stuff. good luck to you!

  9. Thanks Chris for the excellent article. I am an 11-3-52b, and lyme was the trigger for me followed by a huge environmental mold hit. Healthy and strong until this happened. Glad that you have integrated this into your practice. I’m currently in treatment, but it’s a long process. God bless.

  10. We have learned how to seal up our houses but not how to ventilate them with fresh dry air. Every new house should have an Energy Recovery Ventilator (ERV). The aren’t that expensive.

    • Energy recovery ventilator?? Haven’t heard of this. Are they easy to find?
      THANKS, Chris, for this very informative article. I too am of the dreaded 2%, who can’t detox these biotoxins, and have Lyme , co infections, viruses, mercury, lead toxicity, autoimmune diseases, among other things. Anyway, I always love your articles, which are so informative, and I so appreciate your sharing your knowledge and wisdom with all of us!

      • Just type in (Energy recovery ventilator) and hit search. In Wisconsin most new houses have condensation problems in the winter.

  11. Chris, your podcast and several others have added so much value to my life and are helping me overcome chronic illness. I became aware of Dr. Shoemaker’s work in April 2015 when it suddenly hit me after listening to Dave Asprey’s podcast and being indoors on a rainy day that the illness I was suffering from was mold. (Maybe Lyme too.) I requested several tests from my doctor. I failed an online VCS test. I was hitting potholes because I couldn’t see them. I am realizing many people labeled with mental illness are suffering from mold-related sickness too. I was suicidal. It started with what I believe was exposure to Stachybotris. Mary Ackerley, integrative psychiatrist has a great article about it. http://www.survivingmold.com/community/mary-ackerley-the-brain-on-fire-the-role-of-toxic-mold-in-triggering-psychiatric-symptoms I am beginning recovery. Also I realized that connection between mycotoxins, glutamine and histamines. Stopping high histamine foods is also helping. You contribute so much to the community and are helping me tremendously. Bravo!

    • Yes, there are several species of mold that are known to affect the respiratory tract.

  12. I noticed that a propensity to experience static shocks is listed as a symptom. This is also a symptom of low thyroid, especially for patients who are taking a T4 only drug like synthroid.

  13. Thanks for the coverage of this! I’m lucky enough to have a regular primary care doc that knows about mold illness but isn’t a certified mold doctor. Is there a resource that I can bring to her that shows exactly how to test for all of the CIRS biomarkers? It would help a lot to get preliminary testing done with a DR that’s covered by insurance in order to figure out whether or not it’s necessary to go to a certified mold DR.

    • You can see a list of the recommended tests, as well as download a PDF (the “lab orders” document) which lists the CPT codes and appropriate lab for each test, here: http://www.survivingmold.com/diagnosis

      Some need to be run through Labcorp, others through Quest. They cannot be substituted for one another.

      • Thank you, that’s exactly what I needed. I’m sorry to hear that your family is dealing with this. I believe that I am as well and your podcast with Dr. Shoemaker is what really opened my eyes to the likely cause of all my varied health problems. Just want you to know that work is appreciated and making a difference in people’s lives.

  14. We lived for 2 years in a house that was constantly damp with mold issues. The entire time we were there my kids coughed, often to the point of vomiting. I was starting to think they were asthmatic. We moved into a new warm dry house and within a week there was absolutely no coughing and hasn’t been any since and that was 5 months ago. We had bought an air cleaner but it didn’t make a difference. Only getting out of that terrible house helped.

    • I have been through the same thing. It was a terrible time. Glad to hear your family is better!