I’m preparing for my talk at the upcoming Wise Traditions Conference in Santa Clara, CA on November 10th. I’ll speaking on the “gut-brain-skin axis”, a fascinating topic that I’ve been exploring for some time. I hope some of you will be able to come to the conference, but I thought I’d share a little slice of my research here for those of you who can’t. (If you don’t make the conference and want to watch my entire presentation, I believe the Weston A. Price Foundation sells DVDs of the talks after the fact.)
I’ve discussed the gut-brain axis several times on my radio show, and I’ve at least mentioned the triangular connection between the gut, brain and skin. In this post I’d like to go a little deeper on the gut-skin connection.
And as a clinician who works with people on these conditions, I’d go as far as to say this:
If you want to heal your skin, you have to heal your gut.
Associations between Gut Disorders and Skin Conditions
Epidemiological evidence shows a clear association between gut problems and skin disorders. A recent report indicated that small intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), a condition involving inappropriate growth of bacteria in the small intestine, is 10 times more prevalent in people with acne rosacea than in healthy controls, and that correction of SIBO in these individuals led to marked clinical improvement. (1) 14% of patients with ulcerative colitis and 24% of patients with Crohn’s disease have skin manifestations. (Interestingly enough, a study just came out showing that a drug normally used to treat psoriasis is also effective for Crohn’s disease.) Celiac disease also has cutaneous manifestations, such as dermatitis herpetiformis, which occurs in 1/4 of celiac sufferers. Celiacs also have increased frequency of oral mucosal lesions, alopecia and vitiligo. (2)
How Altered Gut Function Impacts the Skin
In a study way back in 1916, acne patients were more likely to show enhanced reactivity to bacterial strains isolated from stool. 66 percent of the 57 patients with acne in the study showed positive reactivity to stool-isolated bacteria compared to none of the control patients without active skin disease. 1 In a more recent study involving 80 patients, those with acne had higher levels of and reactivity to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) endotoxins in the blood. None of the matched healthy controls reacted to the e. coli LPS, while 65% of the acne patients had a positive reaction. Both of these studies suggest that increased intestinal permeability is an issue for a significant number of acne patients. (4)
Speaking of permeable barriers: most of you have heard of leaky gut by now, but what about “leaky skin”? The main function of the skin is to act as a physical, chemical and antimicrobial defense system. Studies have shown that both stress and gut inflammation can impair the integrity and protective function of the epidermal barrier. This in turn leads to a decrease in antimicrobial peptides produced in the skin, and an increase in the severity of infection and inflammation in the skin. (5)
The gut flora also influences the skin. Substance P is a neuropeptide produced in the gut, brain and skin that plays a major role in skin conditions. An altered gut microbiome promotes the release of substance P in both the gut and the skin, and probiotics can attenuate this response. (6) The gut microbiota influences lipids and tissue fatty acid profiles, and may influence sebum production as well as the fatty acid composition of the sebum. (7) This may explain why a Russian study found that 54% of acne patients have significant alterations to the gut flora (8), and a Chinese study involving patients with seborrheic dermatitis also noted disruptions in the normal gut flora. 2
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Probiotics Improve Skin Conditions
The first formal case report series on the value of using lactobacilli to treat skin conditions was published in 1961 by a physician named Robert Siver. He followed 300 patients who were given a commercially available probiotic and found that 80 percent of those with acne had some clinical improvement. 3 In a more recent Italian study involving 40 patients, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidum in addition to standard care led to better clinical outcomes than standard care alone. (9) And another recent study of 56 patients with acne showed that the consumption of a Lactobacillus fermented dairy beverage improved clinical aspects of acne over a 12-week period. (10)
The beneficial effect of probioitics on skin may explain why pasteurized, unfermented dairy is associated with acne, but fermented dairy is not. I haven’t seen any studies on raw dairy and skin conditions, but my guess is that it wouldn’t be associated either. Orally consumed probiotics reduce systemic markers of inflammation and oxidative stress, both of which are elevated locally in those with acne. (11) Oral probiotics can also regulate the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines within the skin. (12) The fermentation of dairy reduces levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) by more than four-fold. (13) This is significant because studies show that acne is driven by IGF-1, and IGF-1 can be absorbed across colonic tissue. (14) This would be particularly problematic when increased intestinal permeability is present, which as I mentioned above is often the case in people with acne.
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- Strickler A, Kolmer JA, Schamberg JF: Complement fixation in acne vulgaris. J Cutaneous Dis 1916, 34:166-78. ↩
- Zhang H, Yu L, Yi M, Li K: Quantitative studies on normal flora of seborrhoeic dermatitis. Chin J Dermatol 1999, 32:399-400. ↩
- Siver RH: Lactobacillus for the control of acne. J Med Soc New Jersey 1961, 59:52-53. ↩
Been putting on cream and Oitments perscription for is severe psoriasis.. He can’t use Bo stuff or anything else. He has had cancer and stintnts in heart plus light treatment so this is it if he wants knee replacement surgery. Sincence then I now had small lump on throat below jaw that everyone said looked like spider bite. No redness and it won’t go away had it for3weeks.
after two weeks of lactoferrin and peppermint oil caps this red spot between my eyes i had for years cleared up, so did my beard ‘dandruff’. could this mean my gut improved a little as well?
I made my own Kvass (fermented beet drink), but it CAUSES Rosacea flair-ups, which runs counter to the findings of this article. I am wondering, if I push through and keep drinking Kvass, which is supposed to help gut flora, will the Rosacea eventually dissipate?
Thank you.
Fermented foods increase my rashes as well. I can’t push through…too intolerable!
I have had constipation problems all my life, in my thirties my doctor showed me my colon is about 8-9 feet long, now in my f40’s I have been tested by a functional doctor who says I have a leaky gut, ulcerative colitis, adrenal and thyroid problems and hypoglycemia. I have been on a strict paleo diet (with no beans or nuts etc.) since May, acne gone. Not even medication for acne was working.
I had this horrible rash on my left hand which kept coming back over the last few years and was slowly spreading. It was like a dry red scaly rash which I just couldn’t get rid of know matter what tried and only on my left hand. Vasaline was the only thing that was slowing the spread down. Even the doctors didn’t know how to get rid of it. Then about a month ago I just randomly wanted to try the 3 litres of water a day challenge after reading an article on facebook and within about a week the dermatitis was gone!! All the creams i bought from doctors and all I needed was a water detox for a month. So anyone suffering any kind of dry skin or dematitis seriously try the 3 litres of water a day!!
Since our clinic switched from allopathic (traditional) to functional medicine, we no longer treat acne with anything but high powered probiotics and dietary changes (usually grain free/casein free). It does wonders for complexion problems and other A/I skin conditions. No more meds!
Which probiotics do you recommend?
Hi Chris,
I’ve had rosacea since a small child along with constipation. I’ve also been very depressed and fatigued my whole life. Ive also suffered from sinus infections and put on antibiotics most of my adult years 2-3 times a year and also antidepressants off an on for migraines and depression. The last 9 months (since menopause started), my life has been a nightmare. My depression couldn’t be worse and if I had to pick one reason for it, that would be due to my rosacea among many other health issues! I have to admit I’ve abused my body all my life with the worst foods (comfort food) fast food, gluten, sugar, salt, dairy, cheese and processed foods and never ate fruits and veggies… Inhaled my food.
I’ve done so much studying in the past 9 months and I truly believe that if I can heal my gut, my rosacea would heal too although my doctor and family don’t agree. I’ve cut out dairy, wheat and gluten for the most part since the last 9 months and my sinus issues, migraines diminished until recently (beginning of July) had an infection (due to being off my multi vitamin and stress from not sleeping for months… I was seeing a chiro/nutritionist which was a waste of money and then getting sick.
I’ve also stopped taking all medications since last December as I truly wanted to heal naturally. I’ve done the 10 day master cleanse twice earlier in the year which didn’t help any.
To date my depression got so bad I’ve admitted I needed help so I am back on an anti-depressant and metronidazole cream for my face… This is the first time I have ever used this cream and it’s been 4 weeks since using it.
I need some advice (from anyone who can help me). I’m 47 years old and so want to be ‘normal’.
How can I heal my gut? And is it possible to heal it while on an antidepressant and metronidazole?
By the way, in June for the very 1st time in my life, I believe I experienced what it felt to have a normal bowel movement for a week or so. I was eating a lot of fruit (smoothies), etc. Currently, I have been eating lots of fruits and started exercising 20 minutes a day the last 3 out of 4 days. I realize after all these troubled years I’ve experienced, things are not going to happen over night. I am hanging on to a string and am seeking some hope no matter how anyone feels around me. Thanking anyone for a reply in advance:(. I feel so alone.
You might want to consider working with a trained practitioner to do the GAPS diet or the Nutritional Balancing program. Both require commitment, but I think you’d be amazed. Best of luck to you.
You sure seem to be showing a lot of magnesium deficiency symptoms. Thats to be expected if you have gut issues… magnesium and B vitamins. Looking back I’ve struggled with magnesium deficiency my whole life but just figuring it out in the last 7 or 8 years. It was food allergies this entire time! Oh well, better late than never, huh?
I had frequent sinus infections too… no surprise that antibiotics drive down magnesium levels even further so thats a vicious cycle. Drinking alcohol is a quick way to lower mag levels too. Anyway…infections, insomnia, migraines, depression, constipation… absolutely, had all that! I had more classic signs of magnesium deficiency as well. Exaggerated startle response and sensitive hearing, sensitivity to bright lights, panic, adult acne and skin sensitivity.
What kind of magnesium supplements and what mgs have you taken? I couldn’t restore my levels orally because my gut was in such bad condition…. I needed IV’s of magnesium even after 6 months of 1200mgs of magnesium glycinate taken daily in divided doses. Its a tough thing to overcome…. add to that that if you are indeed profoundly magnesium deficient then you are potassium deficient as well and they need to be cured together.
“The range of pathologies associated with Mg deficiency is staggering: hypertension (cardiovascular disease, kidney and liver damage, etc.), peroxynitrite damage (migraine, multiple sclerosis, glaucoma, Alzheimer’s disease, etc.), recurrent bacterial infection due to low levels of nitric oxide in the cavities (sinuses, vagina, middle ear, lungs, throat, etc.), fungal infections due to a depressed immune system, thiamine deactivation (low gastric acid, behavioral disorders, etc.), premenstrual syndrome, Ca deficiency (osteoporosis, hypertension, mood swings, etc.), tooth cavities, hearing loss, diabetes type II, cramps, muscle weakness, impotence (lack of NO), aggression (lack of NO), fibromas, K deficiency (arrhythmia, hypertension, some forms of cancer), Fe accumulation, etc. Finally, because there are so many variables involved in the Mg metabolism, evaluating the effect of Mg in many diseases has frustrated many researchers who have simply tried supplementation with Mg, without undertaking the task of ensuring its absorption and preventing excessive elimination, rendering the study of Mg deficiency much more difficult than for most other nutrients.”
Try healing your gut with a healthy source of protein and LOTS of green leafy vegetables. Limited fruit unless you are very active. Drink LOTS of water!!! NO processed food of any kind. Get outside and take a walk for 30 mins a day and make sleep a priority!! You will feel GREAT!! Check out the Whole 30 diet and Paleo eating plan. They totally worked for me! Good luck!!
What about rosacea guys? I’ll be honest, the comments were a hundred miles long so it might have already been addressed. I am twenty three and have had acne for years. But now? I’m getting little broken capillaries under my eyes. It MIGHT be rosacea. It might be genetic (my father has them). Docs tend to say there is no cure and they don’t know the cause. But, is it POSSIBLE that it’s linked to diet/inflammation? I really feel hopeless about my face a ton. As if there’s not a million more things to be insecure about at twenty three years old!
Hi autumn
if they are broken capiliaries, not rosacea is very much a cosmetic thing. sensitive skin, sun damage, sudden hot and cold (maybe spicy food, I cant remember) I think estheticians call it couperose. People get a kind of laser treatment where the blood is pulled out to the surface of the skin, scabs up and falls off. You look drastic for a few days but it’s supposed to cure it if you then take steps to prevent. I had a friend who was incredibly fair haired and skinned and she had the treatment. get a diagnosis first. There is a big difference between rosacea and broken capilaries and all kinds of other skin erythema (redness). And yes, lots of people have talked about rosacea. Take the time to read through the comments, I learned alot.
Hi Chris,
I’m curious if you have ever come across individuals with Tinea Versicolor (or similar fungal infections) and if you have found wether there is any relation to the gut. I’m 37 years old and have had it in my upper torso as long as I can remember. Dermatologist usually have prescribed topical fungal medications and have warned that it can not be permanently cured, meaning that it would (and it has) come back after treatments. I have learned to live with it and have it relatively under control, but I have always wondered if it’s connected to what we eat.
Thank you very much for your work.
YES! I know that gut health is related from my own two children… My daughter is an athlete and was injured requiring 2 surgeries and many antibiotics. Her face was broken out badly. The pain meds from the surgeries are also constipating. I had to give her an enima…when all those toxins were eliminated. ….her skin cleared up and was glowing! YES, all health begins in the gut!
Hello, I came across this forum because I was wondering if there may be any connection between my recent digestive issues and simultaneous skin issues, so I googled it!
I was recently diagnosed with seborrheic dermatitis and it’s been really bothering me because I used to have lovely skin, and I just don’t feel like myself. I also have been having horrible heart burn, and got an endoscopy done around the same time I saw the dermatologist, and the gastroenterologist said that he could see a lot of bile in my stomach, and I am now waiting for the results of the biopsy.
I have had heartburn since I was a young teenager, and I have also had slight eczema since that age as well, but I never did anything about either issue, and I definitely never made the connection between the two. But recently, both skin and gut have gotten so much worse (surely due to major life changes that have caused me much stress) and I can feel almost instinctively that the two are related. When my heartburn is worse, my skin is worse.
I take probiotics because I have also been having constipation, and the probiotics really help me stay regular. They do not seem to relieve the heartburn at all, though. I’ve used coconut oil as a skin moisturizer very frequently over the past four years, but it honestly does not seem to help when I have a flare-up of seborrheic dermatitis. No cream or anything seems to make it better. I have been using ketoderm cream every day since seeing the dermatologist. My skin got much better for two weeks, then I had another flare up. I don’t know what brings it on. My cheeks get red and burn, especially when I put cream on them, and I get flaky dry skin on my cheeks, chin, eyebrows, throat, and behind my ears. It’s like having dandruff on my skin. I also get flare-ups on my scalp, where it becomes so inflamed and itchy that scabs develop and it hurts. But sebiprox shampoo has helped to keep that under control.
I don’t know anything about Paleo, or this website, but your information is very interesting, and hopefully I can find something that will help me understand what I need to do to get all of these issues under control.
PS. I eat rather healthy, but perhaps more fat and sugar than I should. I was also a vegetarian for 12 years but started eating a little meat one year ago.
PPS. I have definitely noticed that my skin flares up when I drink alcohol. Not all the time, but when it does flare up, the reaction is almost immediate- one beer, one glass of wine, and my cheeks are red and bumpy and burning.
Sulphites and food additives can cause these problems – wine is loaded artificially with them now, as are other drinks like cider. Even things like apples in the US are shipped from Canada in baths of sulphites so they arrive at the super-market fresh and won’t bruise or rot. Preservatives int he bread and most other non-fresh foods are often hidden. A fresh veg organic or known source diet and check your water doesn’t have sulphites in, as it often does.
Hi,
I have heartburn too! I am trying to figure that out… I usually get it whenever I’m hungry or if I had something spicy (or worse, if I get hungry after something spicy.) my girlfriend who is a nurse seems to think I have a hiatal hernia. I have been taking heavy doses of probiotics lately which has not really helped. I also try to stick as close to the Paleo diet as possible, which is helps reduce inflammation in the body.
I have pretty terrible acne too, however my skin has seen improvements lately. I quit the Bactrim (antibiotic that I was taking long-term for acne) and my skin actually got BETTER! I notice my skin gets extra irritated when I have dairy and when I use certain topical acne cream and then go in the sun. Thats a bad combination that will dry you out and make you flake bad, especially in winter when its dry and windy.
I have been suffering horribly with vitiligo for almost 5 years, after it being pretty much dormant for about 15 years prior (I developed it at age 14). My medical doctor and dermatologist haven’t offered much advice, only prescribed a cortisone cream and have told me that there is nothing that can be done and I will sadly die with this disease. Ultraviolet light is a treatment, but with so much covering my body and having to take an oral medication to make me even more sensitive to the sun, doesn’t seem like a sensible solution since my white patches would then be bright pink and most likely painful. I have recently started to work with a Naturopath in hopes that she can get to the root of things as it is starting to adversely affect my life and being able to do things with my kids. I have to stay out of the sun as no amount of sunscreen and constant reapplication will keep my unpigmented skin from burning. People often stare and ask if I’ve been burned because of the way my exposed skin looks. I am having my thyroid tested and will be going gluten free and perhaps this will make a difference. Is there any link to vitiligo and other things like yeast intolerance or certain vitamin deficiencies? Any advice would be most helpful as I am at a loss….
I started suffering from vitiligo a few years ago. I did the whole U/V + steroid treatment with very minimal effect. A year ago it became really aggressive all over my body. I did a bunch of research, tried the AIP diet and started taking supplements. The most effective treatment to date has been Cat’s claw extract (pills). It stops the spread as long as I’m taking it. I’ve been taking it for ~8 months. If I stop for a couple days, I will see the patches appear which then become really hard to treat back. Hope this helps.
I have been suffering from skin break outs and sores that are slow to heal. My upper respiratory and sinusis have been affected plus internal abdominal pain. My doctors have been useless. They have treated me for scabies, folliculitis, MRSA, now they want to assume I’m crazy or don’t want to run tests because it will drive up the health care system. Yeah that’s right can you believe a doctor said that to me. I have been tested for lupus, MS. I do have IBS and have suffered with dermatitis and gastrointestinal inflammation. After almost a year I have been doing my own research. Something is feeding on me. First on the inside then comes to the skin. I treat the skin with apple cider vinegar which helps tremendously and ivermectin does kill but it keeps returning. One thing is after taking the ivermectin I haven’t had one outbreak of dermatitis or had an episode of IBS. I think I have had this longer then I thought. I came across an article about the leaky gut and I thought I hadn’t taken my aciphex for awhile. I also started taking some proboitics. In three days I was better not healed completely yet but feel I’m on the right track. This diet thing is so hard. How long do you have to be on it. I eat pretty good but this thing craves sugar and it is so hard to refrain. Since I have been able to keep my skin at bay now I’m having major pain in my left side and middle of my rip cage. Would love to hear a response.
Paleo Autoimmune Protocol made my skin clearer than I ever remember it being when I stick with it.
In my experience what Chris is saying holds water.
I have long had a very sensitive intolerance to gluten despite no IgA markers indicating celiac disease. This has been associated with a serious skin rash (not dermatitis herpetiformis) and hormonal disturbances (diabetes, etc.).
I am currently being treated with strong corticosteroids to improve my skin condition. Interestingly this is having a powerful daytime sedative effect, which my doctor denies can possibly be related to the steroid treatment, but which clearly is connected to it (when I skip the treatment the effect goes away in a matter of a few hours). It triggered the thought of a poor skin barrier i.e. leaky skin in association with the leaky gut apparent from the gluten intolerance. Has anyone experienced anything similar?
I’ve never had horrible stomach pains or stomach upset from eating any foods. So I’ve never considered myself as having a gut problem or IBS or such.
However, for one or two years (yes, really!) I have had large and tiny scabs (from nicks and spider bites) that were healing very, very slowly. Also, the “new” skin was often very rough.
Before these bites and scabs, I had already been cleaning up my eating as informed by Weston Price Foundation principles. I’m eating simpler, less processed foods, weaning off the junk food. I drank raw milk, took coconut oil, CLO, and I occasionally took a probiotic with multiple live strains. My overall health has improved, but not my skin.
Then I read an explanation online that went something like this: if your skin is the largest organ in your body, then surely if you have issues on your skin’s outside, then there are issues on its inside. I decided to focus more on gut healing then I had before.
Three weeks ago, I started taking Bio-kult, building up slowly. I also have been eating more bone broth, and really limiting the sugar. My body has definitely been detoxing, but I am keeping it at a controlled pace. In the last few days, the scabs on my arms have started drying up and healing normally. There has been more change in my skin in this time than in months or years before. I am convinced there is a gut-skin connection!
Started taking oral probiotics about two weeks ago, and although I feel much better and the constant bloating and water retention have subsided just a tiny bit, but now the skin on my fingers began peeling, and no I am not in a swimming pool or even prolonged exposure to water.
I am not worried but would like to know if anyone else had this problem, how long it lasted and if it ever went away?
My finger tips have been peeling (it is not just dry skin) for years. While on antibiotics and probiotics for a systemic strep pneumonia infection (6 weeks) the peeling stopped. Now one week into metronidazole for C. diff without probiotics, the peeling is back. I’m going back on the probiotics to see if the peeling stops. The peeling follows unprovoked yellow callusing.
I desperately need any advice please. I don’t have the funds to go to a natural doctor/homeopath/naturopath etc. I have been to one last year. But I really stuggled to pay for it. So any help that you can give me would be great.I feel like I want to give up hope.
Here’s the thing. I got treated for candida last year(last few months of 2013) and after about 3 months I successfully got rid of my candida. I followd the diet and got herbal medicine from a homeopath in pretoria. My symptoms was: inability to concentrate, brain fog, memory loss, acne(adult acne-moderate), folliculitis(on my legs), scalp sores, fatigue, teary eyes (also burning eyes sometimes). I got sick of my acne that didn’t want to go away and also my pimple-like bumps on my legs. Whether I shave or not(but worse when I shave). And I was also just tired of feeling the way I felt(sick and tired, literally).
I have been on antibiotics (for acne, tetralysal and purbac when I was in high school) and also on birth control pills(for my acne, 2years ago approxiamately). This was all before I went to see the homeopath. I weigh 52kg and I am 1,68 m. I don’t smoke. Drink occassionaly. But only moderately. I eat healthy most of the time but I do indulge in junk food or less healthy food sometimes. I drink a lot of water(we filter our water). I drink tap water in little amounts, not everyday, only when I am not at home.
so that said. I have a few other symptoms now. And a few symptoms is gone(that I had when I had candida).
I have the following symptoms:
Ringing in ears(hissing)
Dry skin (mostly my legs)
Itchy legs(mostly my lower legs and it is worse at night)
Still acne(not severe, but mostly on my chin, and jawline and around mouth)
Scalp sores(sometimes, it comes and goes)
Low blood pressure(I tested it a few weeks ago)
High cholesterol
Hungry feeling(shortly after I eat)
Not soft stools, rather hard(and hard to pass also)
I also have acne on my butt(sometimes severe sometimes mild, on and off)
I wake up in the early morning and struggle to fall back to sleep(so a bit insomnia I guess)
And I get pain in my leg bones at night while I sleep
I feel really miserable because of all this. I did a bit of research and I feel it can either be candida(again), hypothyroidism, adrenal fatigue, or metal toxicity. I don’t know. It can also be malabsorption(just my opinion). But have a feeling it is metal toxicity.
Please help me. What do you think it is? What can I do about it.. Any natural remedies or natural supplements you would suggest(vitamins or supplements or food). Please I am desperate. I can’t afford expensive stuff and I really need help. Let me know if you need other info regarding medical history etc…
Currently I am taking vit D3, vitC, Solar’s natural antibiotic and a multivitamin/mineral supplement that’s yeast free, gluten, lactose free and soy free. I have been taking this for 2 weeks or so (because of my symptoms.)And I am taking swedish bitters. I also drink green tea sometimes.
Let me know what you think.
Thank you so much for helping me.
Candida and SIBO symptoms are often confused. If you have alreayd treated your candida, look at SIBO. Follow the Fast Track Diet for IBS to curb any SIBO sx. GIve it 3 months. Avoid sugar almost always, especially while trying to get to a better baseline of health. The Fast Track Diet limits the amount of food left over in the gut for bad microbes to feed on (and also, candida). It is really easy to follow and can be followed on a budget. Post questions at digestive health institute website you will get lots of support. It can’t hurt and I have seen it help a lot of people. When you can afford a good Chinese Medicine or Natropath go back fo more guidance. When you have sibo you don’t absorb vitamins and minerals and lots of things go haywire. Give it time to heal your gut.
I had a rash around the mouth and an increase of saliva (drooling constantly). I had this rash for 4 months, and had been to four doctors with no help. I found a Holistic web site that stated all my symptoms, it explained too much bacteria in my colon, and to use a probiotic. After three weeks using the probiotic faithfully the rash was gone and the drooling stopped, I continue to use the probiotic. Hope this helps.
Hi, Can anybody explain sweaty hands to me? I have a daughter who has unbelievably sweaty hands and feet, can’t find an answer anywhere and would appreciate any help……
She also has a dairy problem, diagnosed by my homeopath at about 2 years old,
That is because your child probably has a condition called primary hyperhydrosis.